Les Organisations Internationales 1.0 Apk

Introductory Chapter: The notion of international organization
It can be said that an international organization is an institution created by several states to manage permanently their cooperation in various fields. In other words, the international organization is a legal person created by the states. But it will be endowed with a certain autonomy that will allow him to come off to some extent the States which created it.
Section 1: The autonomy of international organizations
The international organization will get its autonomy because it is equipped with organs that allow it to exist independently of the States that created it.
§1 - Permanent organs
An international organization can not exist if it does not include permanent bodies. There are about two kinds of permanent bodies:
A. The bodies having a permanent existence
Any international organization has organs that are permanent in the sense that they exist permanently even if they do not meet permanently. For example the United Nations General Assembly is a permanent body, but meets only once a year. The Security Council is a permanent body which meets frequently, but it does not work all the time.
B. truly permanent bodies
Any international organization also has organs that they are truly permanent. For example, the Secretariat of the United Nations is composed by a group of officials headed by the Secretary General of United Nations. These people provide the UN permanently.
§2 - Organs of its own
Although an international organization created by States and although it is these that make up organs, these organs will be legally considered as own organs to the international organization.
A. Intergovernmental bodies
Among the organs of an international organization, there are still bodies that specifically represent the states and governments that are members of the organization. The States will be represented by diplomats whose role is to defend the interests of their states. For example, at the UN General Assembly is an intergovernmental plenary body. In the General Assembly represents all the member states of the organization and are represented by delegations whose role is to defend the positions of their governments. Most often, their activity will be to adopt resolutions. These resolutions are adopted if they are considered a legal act of the UN and in particular even if a minority of states voted against the resolution, the resolution is considered a resolution of the General Assembly and not as an deliberation the majority alone. If the implementation of the resolution creating damage, it is the responsibility of the UN to be engaged and not the responsibility of Member States.
B. Integrated organs
Any international organization also has built organs. Integrated organs are unlike intergovernmental bodies composed of people who have the task of defending the common interest. They should therefore not be dependent on their nationality status. For example, the UN Secretariat General, once appointed, must be independent of all States and in particular its State of nationality. At the UN organs are integrated the Secretariat but also the International Court of Justice. In the European Union, the European Commission is an integrated body. The existence of integrated organs, ie d. organ to represent the common interest, empowers organizations.